IMPLIKASI LIKUIDITAS PERUSAHAAN BAGI OPINION SHOPPING

Verawaty Verawaty, Ade Kemala Jaya, Restu Pratiwi

Abstract


Abstrak: Implikasi Likuiditas Perusahaan bagi Opinion Shopping. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh opinion shopping terhadap biaya audit abnormal, likuiditas, profitabilitas, dan lamanya perikatan audit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi logistic terhadap 40 perusahaan terbuka sektor manufaktur di Indonesia. Hasil analisis mununjukkan bahwa perusahaan mengalami kendala jika kurang likuid karena tidak dapat memenuhi kompensasi bagi stakeholder kreditur. Hal ini diyakini memperkuat probabilitas manajemen untuk melakukan opinion shopping demi mendapat opini wajar tanpa pengecualian. Oleh karena itu, akuntan profesional harus memegang teguh kode etik profesi untuk menjaga integritas dengan mengeluarkan opini sesuai kondisi yang sebenarnya.

 

Abstract: The Implication of Company Liquidation for Opinion Shopping. This study examines the effect of opinion shopping on abnormal audit costs, liquidity, profitability, and length of the audit engagement. This study uses logistic regression method for 40 open companies in the Indonesia manufacturing sector. The results of the analysis indicate that the companies have a problem if it is less liquid because cannot fulfill compensation for creditor stakeholders. These are believed to strengthen the probability of management to conduct opinion shopping in order to get unqualified opinion. Therefore, the professional accountants must uphold the professional code of ethics by issuing opinions according to actual conditions.


Keywords


opini audit; imbal jasa audit; profitabilitas

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abidin, S., Beattie, V., & Goodacre, A. (2010). Audit Market Structure, Fees and Choice in a Period of Structural Change: Evidence from the UK – 1998–2003. The British Accounting Review, 42(3), 187–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BAR.2010.04.002

Al-Dhamari, R. A. A., & Chandren, S. (2018). Audit Partners Gender, Auditor Quality and Clients Value Relevance. Global Business Review, 19(4), 952–967. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150917697747

Al‐Thuneibat, A. A., Issa, R. T. I. A., & Baker, R. A. A. (2011). Do Audit Tenure and Firm Size Contribute to Audit Quality? Empirical Evidence from Jordan. Managerial Auditing Journal, 26(4), 317-334. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686901111124648

Alali, F., Elder, R., & Zhou, J. (2017). An Analysis of Big 4 Pricing and Firm Size: The Differential Impact of Demand and Supply Shocks on Large and Small Clients. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X17704555

Alzeban, A., & Sawan, N. (2016). The Relationship between Adherence of Internal Audit with Standards and Audit Fees. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 14(1), 72-85. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-04-2015-0048

Asthana, S. C., & Boone, J. P. (2012). Abnormal Audit Fee and Audit Quality. AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 31(3), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-10294

Azami, Z. & Salehi, T. (2017). The Relationship between Audit Report Delay and Investment Opportunities. Eurasian Business Review, 7(3), 437-449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40821-016-0070-4

Azizkhani, M., Daghani, R., & Shailer, G. (2018). Audit Firm Tenure and Audit Quality in a Constrained Market. The International Journal of Accounting, 53(3), 167-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2018.07.002

Ball, F., Tyler, J., & Wells, P. (2015). Is Audit Quality Impacted by Auditor Relationships? Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics, 11(2), 166-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcae.2015.05.002.

Bills, K. L., & Cunningham, L. M. (2015). How Small Audit Firm Membership in Associations, Networks, and Alliances Can Impact Audit Quality and Audit Fees. Current Issues in Auditing, 9(2), 29-35. https://doi.org/10.2308/ciia-51278

Brasel, K., Doxey, M. M., Grenier, J. H., & Reffett, A. (2016). Risk Disclosure Preceding Negative Outcomes: The Effects of Reporting Critical Audit Matters on Judgments of Auditor Liability. Current Issues in Auditing, 10(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.2308/ciia-51546

Brown, J. O., & Popova, V. K. (2016). The Interplay of Management Incentives and Audit Committee Communication on Auditor Judgment. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 28(1), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.2308/bria-51259

Bronson, S. N., Ghosh, A. A., & Hogan, C. E. (2017). Audit Fee Differential, Audit Effort, and Litigation Risk: An Examination of ADR Firms. Contemporary Accounting Research, 34(1), 83-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12238

Budisantoso, T., Rahmawati, R., Bandi, B., & Probohudono, A. (2017). Determinant of Downward Auditor Switching. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 8(3), 444-457. https://doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2017.12.7065

Burnett, B., Chen, H., & Gunny, K. (2018). Auditor-Provided Lobbying Service and Audit Quality. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 33(3), 402–434. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X16657249

Cahan, S. F., Godfrey, J. M., Hamilton, J., & Jeter, D. C. (2015). The Association between Client‐specific Investment Opportunities and Audit Fees of Industry Specialists and Non‐Specialists. International Journal of Auditing, 19(2), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12029

Cao, J., Chen, F. & Higgs, J. L. (2016). Late for a Very Important Date: Financial Reporting and Audit Implications of Late 10-K Filings. Review of Accounting Studies, 21(2), 633-671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-016-9351-5

Carson, E. (2013), Discussion of ‘Strategic Pricing by Big 4 Audit Firms in Private Client Segments’. Accounting and Finance, 53(4), 995-999. https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12041

Cassell, C. A., Hansen, J. C., Myers, L. A., & Seidel, T. A. (2017). Does the Timing of Auditor Changes Affect Audit Quality? Evidence From the Initial Year of the Audit Engagement. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 32(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X17726241

Casterella, J. R., & Johnston, D. (2013). Can the Academic Literature Contribute to the Debate Over Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation? Research in Accounting Regulation, 25(1), 108-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.racreg.2012.11.004

Chen, L., Krishnan, G. V., & Yu, W. (2018). The Relation between Audit Fee Cuts During the Global Financial Crisis and Earnings Quality and Audit Quality. Advances in Accounting, 43, 14-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adiac.2018.07.007

Chen, S., Sun, S. Y. J., & Wu, D. (2010). Client Importance, Institutional Improvements, and Audit Quality in China: An Office and Individual Auditor Level Analysis. The Accounting Review, 85(1), 127–158. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2010.85.1.127

Chen, Y., Gul, F. A., Truong, C., & Veeraraghavan, M. (2016). Auditor Client Specific Knowledge and Internal Control Weakness: Some Evidence on the Role of Auditor Tenure and Geographic Distance. Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics, 12(2), 121-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcae.2016.03.001

Choi, S., Choi, Y. S., & Kim, B. J. (2018). Auditors' Strategic Audit Pricing: Evidence from the Pre- and Post-IFRS Periods. AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 37(4), 75-94. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51964

Chu, B., & Hsu, Y. (2018). Non-Audit Services and Audit Quality --- The Effect of Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Asia Pacific Management Review, 23(3), 201-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2017.07.004

Dao, M., & Pham, T. (2014). Audit Tenure, Auditor Specialization and Audit Report Lag. Managerial Auditing Journal, 29(6), 490-512. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-07-2013-0906

Darmadi, S. (2016). Ownership Concentration, Family Control, and Auditor Choice: Evidence from an Emerging Market. Asian Review of Accounting, 24(1), 19-42. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-06-2013-0043

Daugherty, B. E., Dickins, D., & Fennema, M. G. B. (2014). Offshoring Audit Tasks and Jurors' Evaluations of Damage Awards Against Auditors. Current Issues in Auditing, 8(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.2308/ciia-50786

DeFond, M. L., & Lennox, C. S. (2011). The Effect of SOX on Small Auditor Exits and Audit Quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 52(1), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2011.03.002

Donatella, P., Haraldsson, M., & Tagesson, T. (2018). Do Audit Firm and Audit Costs/Fees Influence Earnings Management in Swedish Municipalities? International Review of Administrative Sciences, 84(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852317748730

Dutillieux, W., Stokes, D., & Willekens, M. (2013). Strategic Pricing by Big 4 Audit Firms in Private Client Segments. Accounting and Finance, 53(4), 961-994. https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12051

Elder, R. J., Lowensohn, S., & Reck, J. L. (2015). Audit Firm Rotation, Auditor Specialization, and Audit Quality in the Municipal Audit Context. Journal of Governmental & Nonprofit Accounting, 4(1), 73-100. https://doi.org/10.2308/ogna-51188

Engel, E., Hayes, R. M., & Wang, X. (2010). Audit Committee Compensation and the Demand for Monitoring of the Financial Reporting Process. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 49(1–2), 136–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JACCECO.2009.08.001

Evans, L., & Schwartz, J. (2014). The Effect of Concentration and Regulation on Audit Fees: An Application of Panel Data Techniques. Journal of Empirical Finance, 27, 130-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2013.10.007

Fargher, N. L., Jiang, A., & Yu, Y. (2018). Further Evidence on the Effect of Regulation on the Exit of Small Auditors from the Audit Market and Resulting Audit Quality. AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 37(4), 95-115. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51943

Fleming, D., Hee, K., & Romanus, R. N. (2014). Auditor Industry Specialization and Audit Fees Surrounding Section 404 Implementation. Review of Accounting and Finance, 13(4), 353-370. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAF-09-2013-0109

Foster, B. P., & Shastri, T. (2016). Determinants of Going Concern Opinions and Audit Fees for Development Stage Enterprises. Advances in Accounting, 33, 66-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adiac.2016.05.001

Fung, S. Y. K., Zhou, G. S., & Zhu, X. K. (2016). Monitor Objectivity with Important Clients: Evidence from Auditor Opinions Around the World. Journal of International Business Studies, 47(3), 263-294. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2015.22

Garcia-Blandon, J., & Argiles, J. M. (2015). Audit Firm Tenure and Independence: A Comprehensive Investigation of Audit Qualifications in Spain. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 24, 82-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2015.02.001

Garrett, J., Hoitash, R., & Prawitt, D. F. (2014). Trust and Financial Reporting Quality. Journal of Accounting Research, 52(5), 1087–1125. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12063

Ghosh, A. A., & Siriviriyakul, S. J. (2018). Quasi Rents to Audit Firms from Longer Tenure. Accounting Horizons, 32(2), 81-102. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch-52035

González-Díaz, B., García-Fernández, R., & López-Díaz, A. (2015). Auditor Tenure and Audit Quality in Spanish State-Owned Foundations. Revista de Contabilidad, 18(2), 115-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcsar.2014.04.001

Gul, F. A., Ma, S. M., & Lai, K. (2017). Busy Auditors, Partner-Client Tenure, and Audit Quality: Evidence from an Emerging Market. Journal of International Accounting Research, 16(1), 83-105. https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-51706

Habbash, M. & Alghamdi, S. (2017). Audit Quality and Earnings Management in Less Developed Economies: The Case of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Management & Governance, 21(2), 351-373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-016-9347-3

Habib, A., Jiang, H., & Zhou, D. (2015). Related-Party Transactions and Audit Fees: Evidence from China. Journal of International Accounting Research, 14(1), 59-83. https://doi.org/10.2308/jiar-51020

Habib, A., & Muhammadi, A. H. (2018). Political Connections and Audit Report Lag: Indonesian Evidence. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 26(1), 59-80. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-08-2016-0086

Halperin, R., & Lai, K.-W. (2015). The Relation Between Auditor-Provided Tax Service Fees and Audit Fees After the Sarbanes–Oxley Act: From the Perspective of Cross-Selling of Services. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 30(3), 341–372. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X14560900

He, X., Pittman, J. A., Rui, O. M., & Wu, D. (2017) Do Social Ties between External Auditors and Audit Committee Members Affect Audit Quality? The Accounting Review, 92(5), 61-87. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-51696

Hegazy, K., & Hegazy, M. (2018). Audit Firms and Industry Specialization in an Emerging Economy: Are We Witnessing Changing Environments or a Dominant Market? Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 14(3), 338-362. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-03-2017-0024

Herda, D. N., Petersen, M. J., & Fontaine, R. (2014). Does Client Participation in an External Audit Affect Their Satisfaction with the Audit Service? Managerial Auditing Journal, 29(9), 818-836, https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-08-2013-0916

Ho, S., & Hutchinson, M. (2010). Internal Audit Department Characteristics/Activities and Audit Fees: Some Evidence from Hong Kong firms. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 19(2), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INTACCAUDTAX.2010.07.004

Hu, F., Stewart, J., & Tan, W. (2017). CEO’s Political Connections, Institutions and Audit Opinions. Pacific Accounting Review, 29(3), 283-306. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-04-2016-0047

Huddart, S. (2013), Discussion of Empirical Evidence on the Implicit Determinants of Compensation in Big 4 Audit Partnerships. Journal of Accounting Research, 51(2), 389-397. https://doi.org/10.1111/joar.12010

Hussin, W. N. W., Bamahros, H. M., & Shukeri, S. N. (2018). Lead Engagement Partner Workload, Partner-Client Tenure and Audit Reporting Lag: Evidence from Malaysia. Managerial Auditing Journal, 33(3), 246-266. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-07-2017-1601

Ika, S. R., & Ghazali, N A. M. (2012). Audit Committee Effectiveness and Timeliness of Reporting: Indonesian Evidence. Managerial Auditing Journal, 27(4), 403-424. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686901211217996

Irmawan, Y., Hudaib, M., & Haniffa, R. (2013). Exploring the Perceptions of Auditor Independence in Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 4(2), 173-202. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-09-2012-0061

Jeacle, I. (2017). Constructing Audit Society in the Virtual World: The Case of the Online Reviewer. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 30(1), 18-37. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-12-2013-1540

Jenkins,D. S., & Vermeer, T. E. (2013). Audit Firm Rotation and Audit Quality: Evidence from Academic Research. Accounting Research Journal, 26(1), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARJ-11-2012-0087

Jiang, W., & Son, M. (2015). Do Audit Fees Reflect Risk Premiums for Control Risk? Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 30(3), 318–340. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X14560896

Johnson, E., Reichelt, K. J., & Soileau, J. S. (2018). No News is Bad News: Do PCAOB Part II Reports Have an Effect on Annually Inspected Firms’ Audit Fees and Audit Quality? Journal of Accounting Literature, 41, 106-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acclit.2018.01.002

Judd, J. S., Olsen, K. J., & Stekelberg, J. (2017). How Do Auditors Respond to CEO Narcissism? Evidence from External Audit Fees. Accounting Horizons, 31(4), 33-52. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch-51810

Kandemir, H. (2013). The EU Law on Auditing and the Role of Auditors in the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 10(3), 213-233. https://doi.org/10.1057/jdg.2013.6

Karim, A. W., & Zijl, T. V. (2013). Efficiency and Opportunism in Auditor Quality Choice in Emerging Audit Services Markets: The Case of Bangladesh. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 21(3), 241-256. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-08-2011-0027

Karim, K., Robin, A., & Suh, S. (2016). Board Structure and Audit Committee Monitoring: Effects of Audit Committee Monitoring Incentives and Board Entrenchment on Audit Fees. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 31(2), 249–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X15583412

Kassem, R., & Higson, A. W. (2016). External Auditors and Corporate Corruption: Implications for External Audit Regulators. Current Issues in Auditing, 10(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.2308/ciia-51391

Khalil, M., & Ozkan, A. (2016). Board Independence, Audit Quality and Earnings Management: Evidence from Egypt. Journal of Emerging Market Finance, 15(1), 84–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972652715623701

Kharuddin, K. A. M., & Basioudis, I. G. (2018). Big 4 Audit Fee Premiums for National‐ and City‐Specific Industry Leadership in the UK: Additional Evidence. International Journal of Auditing, 22(1), 65–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12105

Kleinman, G. & Lin, B. B. (2017). Audit Regulation in an International Setting: Testing the Impact of Religion, Culture, Market Factors, and Legal Code on National Regulatory Efforts. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 14(1), 62-94. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41310-016-0016-1

Kleinman, G., Lin, B. B., & Palmon, D. (2014). Audit Quality: A Cross-National Comparison of Audit Regulatory Regimes. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 29(1), 61–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X13516127

Knechel, W. R., Niemi, L., & Zerni, M. (2013). Empirical Evidence on the Implicit Determinants of Compensation in Big 4 Audit Partnerships. Journal of Accounting Research, 51(2), 349-387. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12009

Krauß, P., Quosigk, B. M., & Zülch, H. (2014), Effects of Initial Audit Fee Discounts on Audit Quality. International Journal of Auditing, 18(1), 40-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12010

Kwarto, F. (2015). Pengaruh Opinion Shopping dan Pengalaman Auditor terhadap Penerimaan Opini Audit Going Concern dalam Sisi Pandang Perusahaan Auditan. Jurnal Akuntansi, 19(3), 311–325. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v19i3.82

Lisic, L. L. (2014). Auditor-Provided Tax Services and Earnings Management in Tax Expense: The Importance of Audit Committees. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 29(3), 340–366. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X14536046

Litjens, R., Buuren, J., & Vergoossen, R. (2015), Addressing Information Needs to Reduce the Audit Expectation Gap: Evidence from Dutch Bankers, Audited Companies and Auditors. International Journal of Auditing, 19(3), 267-281. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12042

Mao, M. Q., & Yu, Y. (2015). Analysts' Cash Flow Forecasts, Audit Effort, and Audit Opinions on Internal Control. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 42(5-6), 635-664. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12117

Mardijuwono, A. W., & Subianto, C. (2018). Independence, Professionalism, Professional Skepticism: The Relation Toward the Resulted Audit Quality. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 3(1), 61-71. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAR-06-2018-0009

Marques, A., & Pinto, A. (2018). Procurement Practices and the Municipality Auditing Market. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 33(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X18761294

Merawati, E., & Haryani, I. (2015). Komite Audit, Audit Internal, dan Audit Eksternal sebagai Pengawas Solvabilitas Perusahaan Asuransi. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 6(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2015.04.6002

Miettunen, K., & Metsälä, E. (2017). Auditor Recommendations Resulting from Three Clinical Audit Rounds in Finnish Radiology Units. Acta Radiologica, 58(6), 692–697. https://doi.org/10.1177/0284185116666415

Mironiuc, M., & Robu, I. B. (2012). Empirical Study on the Analysis of the Influence of the Audit Fees and Non Audit Fees Ratio to the Fraud Risk. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 62, 179–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.028

Mohamed, D. M., & Habib, M. H. (2013). Auditor Independence, Audit Quality and the Mandatory Auditor Rotation in Egypt. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 6(2), 116-144. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBS-07-2012-0035

Muhammadi, A. H., Ahmed, Z., & Habib, A. (2016). Multinational Transfer Pricing of Intangible Assets: Indonesian Tax Auditors’ Perspectives. Asian Review of Accounting, 24(3), 313-337. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-10-2014-0112

Muhsin, M. (2018). Peran Tekanan Anggaran Waktu Auditor dalam Memoderasi Effort dan Kinerja Audit Judgment. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 9(2), 223-235. https://doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2018.04.9013

Newton, N. J., Persellin, J. S., Wang, D., & Wilkins, M. S. (2015). Internal Control Opinion Shopping and Audit Market Competition. The Accounting Review, 91(2), 603–623. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-51149

Ng, H. Y., Tronnes, P. C., & Wong, L. (2018). Audit Seasonality and Pricing of Audit Services: Theory and Evidence from a Meta-Analysis. Journal of Accounting Literature, 40, 16-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acclit.2017.11.003

Nguyen, P. T., & Kend, M. (2017). The Perceived Motivations Behind the Introduction of the Law on External Audit in Vietnam. Managerial Auditing Journal, 32(1), 90-108. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-01-2016-1299

Nindita, C., & Siregar, S. V. (2013). Analisis Pengaruh Ukuran Kantor Akuntan Publik terhadap Kualitas Audit di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 14(2), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.14.2.91-104

Read, W. J. (2015). Auditor Fees and Going-Concern Reporting Decisions on Bankrupt Companies: Additional Evidence. Current Issues in Auditing, 9(1), 13-27. https://doi.org/10.2308/ciia-51109

Rezaei, F. M., & Mohd‐Saleh, N. (2018), Audit Report Lag: The Role of Auditor Type and Increased Competition in the Audit Market. Accounting and Finance, 58(3) 885-920. https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.12237

Rezaei, F. M., Mohd‐Saleh, N., Jaffar, R., & Hassan, M. S. (2016). The Effects of Audit Market Liberalisation and Auditor Type on Audit Opinions: The Iranian Experience. International Journal of Auditing, 20(1), 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12059

Robertson, J. C., Stefaniak, C. M., & Houston, R. W. (2014). Do PCAOB Inspection Reports Influence Corporate Executives' Perceptions of Audit Quality and the Likelihood of Switching Auditors? Accounting and the Public Interest, 14(1), 48-71. https://doi.org/10.2308/apin-51121

Rusmin, & Evans, J. (2017). Audit Quality and Audit Report Lag: Case of Indonesian Listed Companies. Asian Review of Accounting, 25(2), 191-210. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-06-2015-0062

Saito, Y., & Takeda, F. (2014). Global Audit Firm Networks and Their Reputation Risk. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 29(3), 203–237. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X14530128

Shafie, R., Hussin, W. N. W., Yusof, M. ’Atef M., & Hussain, M. H. M. (2009). Audit Firm Tenure and Auditor Reporting Quality: Evidence in Malaysia. International Business Research, 2(2), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v2n2p99

Sinha, P., & Hunt, H. G. (2013). Auditor Independence: A Nonparametric Test of Differences Across the Big‐5 Public Accounting Firms. Accounting Perspective, 12(4), 301-320. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3838.12020

Syamsuddin. (2017). The Government Whistleblowers in Generating Audit Quality (A Survey on Provincial Audit Boards in South, Central, and West Sulawesi, Indonesia). International Journal of Law and Management, 59(6), 1046-1058. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-08-2016-0069

Tepalagul, N., & Lin, L. (2015). Auditor Independence and Audit Quality: A Literature Review. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 30(1), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X14544505

Verawaty, V., Jaya, A., & Megawati, M. (2016). Determinan Timeliness Penetapan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah Pemerintah Provinsi. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 7(3), 498-508. https://.doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2016.12.7035

Verbruggen, S., Christiaens, J., Reheul, A.-M., & Caneghem, T. V. (2015). Analysis of Audit Fees for Nonprofits: Resource Dependence and Agency Theory Approaches. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 44(4), 734–754. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764014551279

Wahab, E. A. A., Zain, M. M., & Rahman, R. A. (2015). Political Connections: A Threat to Auditor Independence? Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 5(2), 222-246. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-03-2012-0013

Widuri, R., O’Connell, B., & Yapa, P. W. S. (2016). Adopting Generalized Audit Software: An Indonesian Perspective. Managerial Auditing Journal, 31(8/9), 821-847. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-10-2015-1247

Wu, X. (2012). Corporate Governance and Audit fees: Evidence from Companies Listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. China Journal of Accounting Research, 5(4), 321–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CJAR.2012.10.001

Xie, Z., Cai, C., & Ye, J. (2010). Abnormal Audit Fees and Audit Opinion – Further Evidence from China’s Capital Market. China Journal of Accounting Research, 3, 51–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1755-3091(13)60019-2

Yuejun, T., (2011). Audit Fees, Motivation of Avoiding Loss and Opinion Shopping: Test for Moderating Effect based on Evidences of Chinese Stock Market from 2001 to 2008. China Finance Review International, 1(3), 241-261. https://doi.org/10.1108/20441391111144103

Zgarni, I., Hlioui, K., & Zehri, F. (2016). Effective Audit Committee, Audit Quality and Earnings Management: Evidence from Tunisia. Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 6(2), 138-155. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-09-2013-0048

Zhang, H. (2017). The Relationship of Abnormal Audit Fees and Accruals: Bargain Power or Cost Control? Open Journal of Accounting, 6, 82–94. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojacct.2017.63007




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18202/jamal.2018.04.9033

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Verawaty, Ade Kemala Jaya, Restu Pratiwi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.